Rensch’s rule is broken in Cervidae
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.29215/pecen.v3i2.1259Resumo
Resumo: A diferença de tamanho corporal entre machos e fêmeas é conhecida como dimorfismo sexual de tamanho (DST). O surgimento do DST é atribuído na maioria das vezes a processos de seleção sexual, entretanto a seleção natural também pode afetar o DST. Tem se observado em diversos grupos que a intensidade do DST está associada com o tamanho corporal das espécies, padrão conhecido como Regra de Rensch. Nós testamos a regra de Rensch na família Cervidae, um grupo com forte dimorfismo sexual. Analisamos o DST de 35 espécies utilizando análises de regressão tipo II (eixo principal reduzido) filogenética (RMA). Ao analisar a relação entre o tamanho dos machos vs o tamanho das fêmeas observamos que o DST se modifica isometricamente com o aumento do tamanho corporal (RMA = 1.05, p = 0.18). Estes resultados evidenciam que a regra de Rensch não se cumpre nos membros da família Cervidae. Na última década, diversos estudos tem mostrado grupos taxonômicos que não seguem a regra de Rensch. Dado que o tamanho corporal está associado com diversas características ecológicas das espécies, é possível que a associação do tamanho corporal com o DST não seja sempre um efeito causal nos grupos que seguem a Regra de Rensch.
Palavras chave: Dimorfismo sexual de tamanho, mamíferos, RMA filogenético, seleção sexual, tamanho corporal.
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